《台山话概要》（附光盘）初稿编成 [复制链接]

           继《台山方音字典》2016年版出版发行以后，我于2017年又组织编写组编写《台山话概要》（附光盘）。该书是系统地介绍台山话的一本普及型的科学著作，以国内外中等文化程度的台山人为主要对象，也可供国内方言工作者参考。内容有引论（台山地理人口概况和历史沿革，台山话概述、凡例）、语音篇、语法篇和词汇篇。词汇篇有台山话-普通话-英语对照的词语5700余条，载体是纸质书和光盘。光盘文字材料有台山话音系例解、台山话常用谚语和俗语、台山话常用歇后语共200余条。光盘将由台城人播讲和监听。  
          编写组在汉语拼音方案和广州话拼音方案的基础上制定了一套台山话拼音方案，用以注音。为熟悉国际音标的语言工作者阅读，在语音篇中还列有台山话拼音方案与国际音标对照表。
         现在我已经完成初稿，正在编写组中审阅，计划2018年年底定稿以后联系电子音像出版社出版。
附目录：
                        目      录
前言.....................................................i-ii                                                                    
引论......................................................(1)
  １、台山地理人口概况和历史沿革..........................(1) 　
  ２、台山话概述..........................................(2)　　
凡例......................................................(4)
语音篇...................................................(12)
　1、台山（台城）话音系..................................(12)
  （1 声母表，2 韵母表，3 声调表（基本声调，升变调）.....(12)
  2、记录台山话的拼音方案和国际音标......................(17)
  3、台山话音节表........................................(19)
  4、台山话的变调 1)升变调 2)高平变调 3) 低降变调 .......(29)
　5、台山话的连读和音变..................................(32)
　6、台山话的文白异读和借词..............................(33)
　7、根据台山话的特点，掌握普通话的翘舌音和平舌音........(36)
  8、台山话同音字表（6000）..............................(40)　
语法篇..................................................(120)
　名词、代词、形容词、动词、数量词、副词、介词、连词、
  助词、叹词、句法概述..................................(120)　
词汇篇..................................................(140)
　台山话-普通话-英语对照词语5800例......................(140)
台山话光盘文字材料......................................(375)
语音篇 (节选)...........................................(375)
  台山话音系例解........................................(375)
语法篇（节选）..........................................(377)
  代词..................................................(377)
  形容词................................................(378)
词汇篇（节选）..........................................(380)
  台山话常用谚语和俗语..................................(380)
  台山话常用歇后语......................................(393)
后记....................................................(402)                                    
主要参考文献............................................(403)

此书已经正式出版。

词汇篇已经校对完，1月7日送印刷厂。修改以后就送湖南电子音像出版社。出版社已经签订合同，今年7月出版。

已经完成语音篇和语法篇的校对。正在校对词汇篇。

已经排版，正在初校。

台山话的猫字读 miu- (么朽切)，猫的叫声 喵 读 mieu- (么晓切)。

            付排后司徒富和邓钧修改的词条    


泼'  pod'    泼'蚊      用扇子驱蚊   drive mosquitoes away by using 3352   3610st      
                                     a fan        
屈)  vud-    屈)个钩    弯成个钩子   bend into a hook               3985   4297st      
蛇   xie*    蛇蜕       蛇蜕下的皮   snake slough                   4084   4409st      
#神  [xin*]  神憎鬼厌   惹人讨厌     detestable and obnoxious       4151   4479st-dj  
#烟  [yen']  烟斗       烟斗         tobacco pipe                   4217   4548st      
拍   pag'    拍车(泊车) 停放车辆     park a car                     3306   3558dj-st  
#胡  [vu*]   胡椒粉     胡椒面       pepper powder                  3974   4286dj-st  
#芋  [vu>]   芋盒       芋头的大叶柄 large leafstalk of a taro      3977   4289dj-st  
云   vun*    云耳       黑木耳（云南产）black fungus (produced in   3991   4303dj      
                                     Yunnan Province)               3911   4304dj      
揾   vun-    揾周公     做梦         dream                          3999   4313dj      
禾   vuo*    禾叉       稻草叉子     fork for rice straw            4013   4330dj-st  
#试  [xi']   试下       试一下       have a try                     4026   4345dj-st  
#书  [xi']   书馆       旧式学校     school-age children's private  4027   4346dj-feng
                                     school
屎   xi-     屎坑       旧式便所     old-style toilet               4044   4366dj-st  
#鼠  [xi-]   鼠标       鼠标         mouse (in a computer)          4046   4368dj      
#社  [xie>]  社坛       社稷拜坛     sacrificial altar for god of   4085   4410dj-st  
                                     land and god of grains         4085   4411dj-st  
上]  xieng'  上链       上弦;上发条  wind  a watch (or clock)       4100   4427dj-st  
上   xieng`  上个礼拜   上个星期     last week                      4117   4444dj-st  
烧   xieu'   烧酒       白酒         white spirits;strong,colour-   4125   4452dj-st  
                                     less liquor                    4125   4453dj-st  
烧   xieu'   烧火       烧火         make a fire                    4126   4454dj-st  
手   xiu-    手腕       手碗子       wrist                          4202   4531dj      
手   xiu-    手掣       手闸         handbrake                      4204   4533dj      
#应  [yen']  应         答应         answer;reply                   4212   4542dj      
入   yib`    入围       过了分数线   above the floor mark for       4274   4612dj      
                                     enroll

    今天湖南电子音像出版社的责任编辑已经起草了台山话概要的出版合同，等他们领导签字以后送我签字，并办理有关手续。

词汇篇包括台山话-普通话-英语对照词语4600例，已经在编写组内审阅和修改完毕，还有台山话常用谚语和俗语，台山话常用歇后语，今天已经发排。排版后，加上已经排版的前言，引论，凡例，语音篇，语法篇，即可交稿并签订出版合同。

      司徒富和邓钧修改的词条  i-m  

点   iem-    点尖好     颇好         fairly good                    2057。st.也问过谭
#至  [ji']   至紧要     最要紧       the most important             2083.st
#猪  [ji']   猪         猪           pig                            2089
猪   ji'     猪郎       配种公猪     boar for artificial breeding   2100
#纸  [ji-]   纸         纸           paper                          2109

招   jieu'   招劈>      女墙         parapet wall                   2166。有凸凹不平墙头的墙
招   jieu'   招手       招手         wave one's hand as a  signal   2167
#针3 [jim>-] 打针       打针         give or get an injection       2176
#浸] [jim`]  浸]        淹           flooded;submerge               2181
真   jin'    真冇瘾     真没意思     really dull;really boring      2188.dj
#阵  [jin`]  阵间       一会儿       a little while;a moment        2189
#挂  [ka']   挂         挂心         worry about;be on one's mind   2198
                                     woried                         2201
该>  koi>    该>时      现在         now;at present                 2289
                                     Hong Kong                      2293
                                     haul in the net                2321
#癞' [lai']  癞'螆      疥疮         scabies                        2322
黎}  lai*    黎}脚佬    瘸子         cripple;lame person            2328
礼   lai>    礼拜三     星期三       Wednesday                      2339
#赖} [lai`]  赖}诶把遮  遗漏了一把伞 leave an umbrella  behand      2344.st
#烂1 [lan`]  烂1        1.破烂;腐烂  broken;rotten                  2371
                        2.溃疡       ulcer                          2371
#烂2 [lan`]  烂饮       嗜酒         be addicted to drink           2384
老   lao'    老虎钳     老虎钳       vice;pincer pliers             2402.dj
#涝} [lao>-] 涝}        痱子         prickly heat                   2438
#笠  [leb-]  笠}        套上         cover with;slip on             2439
笠   leb-    笠}靓}     十分干净     completely  clean              2440.st
笠   leb-    笠}衫      汗衫         T-shirt;thin undershirt        2441
#垃  [leb`]  垃杂       拉杂         rambling;jumbled               2442
垃   leb`    垃圾       垃圾         rubbish;garbage                2443
垃   leb`    垃乱       乱           in disorder;in a mess          2444
#利  [lei`]  利         快;锋利      sharp;keen                     2451
利   lei`    利利是是   大吉大利     extremely fortunate            2453
立   lib`    立功       立功         make a contribution            2473
#临  [lim*]  临嫁锥耳   临时抱佛脚   embrace the Bhuddha's  feet    2522
                                     in one's hour of need-- seek   2522
                                     help at the last moment        2522
临   lim*    临急临忙   匆匆忙忙     in haste;in a hurry            2523。问过谭
邻   lin*    邻接       邻接         be next to;border on;adjoin    2526
#乐1 [log`]  乐着       1.高兴       be glad;be happy               2561
                        2.舒服       be comfortable                 2561.st
来   loi*    来过1      来过         have come here                 2563
来   loi*    来过2      从头再来     do it again from the beginning 2564
雷   lui*    雷公       雷公         Thunder God                    2580.st
西   lhai'   西骑马     萨其马       Manchu candied fritter cut     2639.dj
                                     in squares                     2639
擞}  lheu-   擞}乸      轻佻的女人   skittish woman                 2683
#赆  [lhim>] 赆仪       临别所赠礼物 farewell presents              2711
#辛  [lhin'] 辛苦       难受         feel uneasy;feel uncomfortable 2712.dj
信   lhin'   信(名词)   信件         letter                         2724
雪   lhud-   雪耳       银耳,白木耳  tremella                       2735.问过谭
#孭  [mie-]  孭三民-仔  背小孩       carry a baby on one's          2919
#煤  [moi*]  煤         煤           coal                           2936
门   mon*    门地伏>    门槛         threshold                      2946
#满  [mon-]  满         满           full;filled;pack               2949
#网  [mong-] 网         网;网络      net;network                    2952
#舞  [mu-]   舞         忙碌地干     be busy doing...               2954

下面是看到编委司徒富的修改意见后改动过的条目：

桂   gei'    桂花鱼     鳜鱼         mandarin fish                  1411
#忌  [gei`]  忌         忌讳         1.taboo;2.avoid as harmful;    1437
                                     3.avoid as taboo               1417
#脚  [gieg'] 脚         脚           foot                           1460
#兼  [giem'] 兼夹       又...又      both...and                     1480
#镜  [gieng']镜         镜子         mirror;looking glass           1481
镜   gieng'  镜架       镜框         spectacles frame-              1482
#金  [gim']  金         金子         gold                           1493
根   gin'    根本       根本         1.foundation;base;2.basic;     1501
                                     foundamental;3.at all;simply   1501
讲   gong-   讲蛮       无理取闹     willfully make trouble; be     1539
                                     deliberately provocative       1539
#蛊  [gu-]   蛊惑       滑头         slippery                       1555
#工  [gung'] 工         工作         work;job                       1571
#共  [gung`] 共同       共同         shared by all;common           1579
虾   ha>     虾仁       虾仁         shrimp meat                    1596
下   ha`     下面       下面         1.below;under;underneath;      1603
                                     2.next in order                1603
#乞' [had']  乞'        作废         become invalid                 1617
#乞  [had-]  乞米       讨饭         beg for food;be a beggar       1618
#黑  [hag-]  黑1        黑           black                          1622
太   hai'    太太       太太         Mrs.;madame                    1634
鞋   hai*    鞋嘴       鞋尖儿       the toe of a shoe;shoe-tops    1641
睇   hai-    睇住1      留神         be careful;take care           1655
睇~          睇住2      看着         be looking at                  1655
睇   hai-    睇死       不看好       do not look promising          1658
系   hai`    系你嘅?    是你的?      Is it yours?                   1670
喊   ham'    喊齐来咯   大家一起来吧 Come here altogether.          1685
咸   ham*    咸粽       肉粽子       rice dumplings with salted     1688
咸   ham*    咸虾       咸虾酱       salt shrimp paste              1689
#陷} [ham`]  陷}        伤口发炎     the wound inflamates           1696
#悭  [han']  悭         节俭;节省    thrifty;frugal                 1698
#恨  [han`]  恨}        疼爱         love dearly                    1703
#杏  [hang`] 杏         杏           apricot                        1720
#毫  [hao*]  毫子       角           one jiao=1/10 of yuan          1725
好2  hao-    好心       好心         good intention;kind-hearted    1749
偷   heu'    偷工减料   偷工减料     do shoddy work and use inferior1811
                                     material;scamp work and stint  1811
                                     material;jerry-build           1811
头   heu*    头先       刚才         just now;a moment ago          1819
#劏 [hong']  劏鸡       杀鸡         kill a chicken                 1954
劏  hong'    劏猪       宰猪         butcher pigs                   1955
劏  hong'    劏死牛     拦路抢劫     waylay and rob;mug             1956
#糠  hong'   糠          稻糠           rice chaff                  1957
糠   hong'   糠耳耳屎   糠状耳垢     earwax                         1958
唐   hong*   唐装       中式服装     Chinese-style clothes          1965
塘   hong*   塘鱼       人工养殖鱼   fish in the fishpond           1967
空   hung'   空白       空白         blank                          1991
空   hung'   空军       空军         air force                      1996
#红  [hung*] 红豆       1.赤豆;红豆  red bean                       2014
                        2.红豆;相思豆love pea                       2014
红   hung*   红粉花绯   脸色红润     ruddy face;rosy face           2016
#铜  [hung*] 铜钱       铜币         copper coin                    2022

#垫] [den']  垫]张被    垫一床被子   pad a quilt                     800
剪   den-    剪羊毛     剪羊毛       shear a sheep                   808
将   dieng'  将佢请来   把他请来     send for him;ask him come       849
                                     over                            849
#蕉} [dieu>] 咬蕉}      咬了一下     give a bite                     857
雹)  [dog`]  落雹)      下雹子       to hail                         890
#再  [doi']  再         再           again                           891
再   doi'    再见       再见         goodbye;see you again;          892
                                     so long                         892
做   du'     做丑人     得罪人       affend others                   908
最   dui'    最细个女   最小的女儿   the youngest daughter           941
电   en`     电发       烫发         give or have a permanent wave   998
电   en`     电筒       手电筒       electric torch;flashlight      1001
#呕  [eu-]   呕         呕吐         vomit'throw up                 1014
#窦  eu>     狗窦       狗窝         dog's kennel                   1015
窦   eu>     一窦鸡仔   一窝小鸡     a nest of chicken              1016
#豆  [eu`]   豆角       豆角         fresh kidney beans             1017
发1  fad'    发粉       发粉         baking-powder                  1048
发2  fad-    发菜       发菜         hair-like seaweed              1073
快   fai'    快过打针   功效比打针快 have quicker effect than       1079
                                     injection                      1079

返   fan'    吃返饭     又继续吃饭   go on to have one's meal       1113
                                     after a beak                   1113
饭   fan`    饭蕊       瘊子         common name for 疣(wart)       1131
飞   fei'    飞该快     飞快         swiftly;very fast;at lighning  1141
                                     speed                          1141
放   fong'   放手       放手         1.let go;2.go all out to (do)  1188
#房  fong*   房间       房间;屋子    room                           1189
扶   fu*     扶住栏杆   扶着栏杆     hold on to the railings        1194
风   fung'   风水       风水         geomancy                       1222
#火  fuo-    火         火           fire                           1230
火   fuo-    火线       火线         1.battlefront;frontline in     1239
                                     a battle;2. live wire;power-      
                                     line                              
#架  [ga']   架势       了不起       extraordinary;amazing;terrri-  1263
                                     fic;remarkable                 1263
#夹  [gab']  夹         又...又      both...and                     1267
夹   gab'    夹仔       背心;马夹    waistcoat                      1268
夹   gab'    夹档       合得来;合伙  1.get along well;be compa-     1269
                                     tible;2.form a partership      1269
夹   gab'    夹蛮       勉强         manage with an effort          1274
隔   gag'    隔夜       阁一夜       of the previous night          1289
#革  [gag-]  革色}      骄傲;摆架子  1.arrogant;cocky;conceited;    1292
                                     2.put on airs                  1292
鸡   gai'    鸡笼       鸡笼         hen-coop                       1317
梗}  gang-   梗)有法子   一定有办法  will certainly find a way      1366
                                     (to do)...                     1366
胶   gao'    胶纸       塑料薄膜     plastic film;plastic sheeting  1378
桂   gei'    桂花鱼     鳜鱼         mandarin fish                  1411
#忌  [gei`]  忌         忌讳         1.taboo;2.avoid as harmful;    1437
                                     3.avoid as taboo               1417
#脚  [gieg'] 脚         脚           foot                           1460
#兼  [giem'] 兼夹       又...又      both...and                     1480
#镜  [gieng']镜         镜子         mirror;looking glass           1481
镜   gieng'  镜架       镜框         spectacles frame               1482

#金  [gim']  金         金子         gold                           1493
金   gim'    金山伯     美国归侨     overseas Chinese who has       1496
                                     returned from U.S.A.
根   gin'    根本       根本         1.foundation;base;2.basic;     1501
                                     foundamental;3.at all;simply   1501
讲   gong-   讲蛮       无理取闹     willfully make trouble; be     1539
                                     deliberately provocative       1539
#蛊  [gu-]   蛊惑       滑头         slippery                       1555
鞋   hai*    鞋嘴       鞋尖儿       the toe of a shoe;shoetops    1641

根据司徒富提出意见修改的词条。

咸   ham*    咸粽       肉粽子       rice dumplings with salted     1688
                                                  meat stuffing
#劏  [hong'] 劏鸡       杀鸡         kill a chicken                 1954
劏   hong'   劏猪       宰猪         butcher pigs                   1955
劏   hong'   劏死牛     拦路抢劫     waylay and rob;mug             1956
#糠  hong'   糠         糠           husk;chaff;bran                1957
糠   hong'   糠耳耳屎   糠状耳垢     earvax                         1958
唐   hong*   唐装       中式服装     Chinese-style clothes          1965
塘   hong*   塘鱼       人工养殖鱼   fish in the fishpond           1967
空   hung'   空白       空白         blank                          1991
空   hung'   空军       空军         air force                      1996
红   hung*   红粉花绯   脸色红润     ruddy face;rosy face           2016
红   hung*   红红地嘅   浅红色的     reddish                        2017